Wetland fill activity by Omaha Public Works is currently being mitigated by the construction of replacement habitat at lowlands of Fontenelle Forest on Gifford Point, east of Bellevue, Nebraska.
Mitigation wetlands at two sites near the Great Marsh will comprise a few-tenths less than 4 acres, and are being done at a rate where for every acre of wetland impacted, 1.5 acres are meant to be created, according to project details known to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. City of Omaha, and the Fontenelle Forest Association, the site owner.
The mitigation is the result of natural wetlands being filled due to facility improvements at the Missouri River Wastewater Treatment plant in southeast Omaha, along the Missouri River.
One of the sites is adjacent to a previous mitigation site of 2.5 acres constructed through regulated project activities associated with the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, according to a FFA personnel.
A local contractor created ground depressions to "promote ponding" and the growth of wetland plants. Culverts to allow stormwater movement were also part of the recently completed construction activities.
Wetland plants will be planted this autumn by the Prairie Plains Resource Institute, with assistance by volunteers associated with the forest, director William S. Whitney indicted in an email. "Our greenhouse manager has grown a few thousand wetland grasses and forbs for transplanting into the engineered wetlands." Examples of species to be included are swamp milkweed, prairie cordgrass, winged lythrum, pink joe-pye and others, he said. There will be at least 600 individual plantings, according to plans defining project requirements.
Gifford Farm, a state-owned site used extensively for school-children education, is located just to the north of the locale, so the wetlands can also be used for educational activities, and well as the obvious habitat and floral diversity values.
This is the first project for PPRI in the immediate Omaha area, Whitney indicted in an email.
The approximate final cost for the project financed through Omaha Public Works is approximately $360,000, a city official indicated.
This project was required by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to meet mitigation requirements of Section 404 of the Clean Water Act.
Monitoring of the site will continue for a ten year period, to ensure project goals are met.
June photograph of one of the the project sites. Image courtesy of the Public Works Department.
The following details were provided by the Omaha office of the Corps of Engineers regarding the species of plants associated with the mitigation sites at Fontenelle Forest.
PPRI Wetland Species List 2014-2015 (119 spp.) |
Grasses (11) |
Wetness |
% of Mix |
Calamagrostis |
canadensis |
Bluejoint |
OBL |
0.49% |
Calamagrostis |
stricta |
Northern Reedgrass |
FACW |
0.37% |
Elymus |
trachycaulus |
Slender Wheatgrass |
FACU |
0.34% |
Elymus |
virginicus |
Virginia Wildrye |
FAC |
3.48% |
Glyceria |
striata |
Manna grass |
OBL |
|
Hordeum |
jubatum |
Foxtail Barley |
FACW |
|
Leersia |
oryzoides |
Rice Cut Grass |
OBL |
0.47% |
Panicum |
acuminatum |
Tapered Rosette Grass |
FACW |
|
Pascopyrum |
smithii |
Western Wheatgrass |
FACU |
|
Spartina |
pectinata |
Prairie Cordgrass |
FACW |
4.42% |
Sphenopholis |
obtusata |
Prairie Wedgegrass |
FACW |
0.03% |
Sedges/Rushes (30) |
Wetness |
% of Mix |
Carex |
brachyglossa |
Yellowfruit Sedge |
FAC |
|
Carex |
brevior |
Fescue Sedge |
FAC |
|
Carex |
cristatella |
Crested Sedge |
FACW |
0.14% |
Carex |
emoryi |
Emory's Sedge |
OBL |
0.21% |
Carex |
gravida |
Wetland Gravida |
OBL |
1.81% |
Carex |
hystericina |
Bottlebrush Sedge |
OBL |
|
Carex |
interior |
Interior Sedge |
OBL |
|
Carex |
laeviconica |
Smooth Cone Sedge |
OBL |
6.09% |
Carex |
molesta |
Troublesome Sedge |
FAC |
0.34% |
Carex |
pellita |
Wooly Sedge |
OBL |
0.09% |
Carex |
praegracilis |
Clustered Field Sedge |
FACW |
|
Carex |
sartwellii |
Sartwell's Sedge |
OBL |
0.03% |
Carex |
scoparia |
Broom Sedge |
FACW |
1.03% |
Carex |
stipata |
Saw-beak Sedge |
OBL |
0.70% |
Carex |
tribuloides |
Blunt Broomsedge |
FACW |
1.36% |
Carex |
vulpinoidea |
Fox Sedge |
OBL |
0.14% |
Eleocharis |
palustris |
Common Spikerush |
OBL |
|
Eleocharis |
erythropoda |
Bald Spikerush |
OBL |
0.03% |
Fimbristylis |
puberula |
Hairy Fimbry |
OBL |
|
Juncus |
balticus |
Baltic Rush |
OBL |
0.16% |
Juncus |
dudleyi |
Dudley Rush |
FACW |
1.47% |
Juncus |
interior |
Interior Rush |
FAC |
0.30% |
Juncus |
marginatus |
Grassleaf Rush |
FACW |
|
Juncus |
torreyi |
Torrey's Rush |
FACW |
0.06% |
Schoenoplectus |
acutus |
Chairmaker's Rush |
OBL |
|
Scirpus |
atrovirens |
Dark Green Bulrush |
OBL |
2.73% |
Scirpus |
maritimus |
Prairie Bulrush |
OBL |
|
Scirpus |
pallidus |
Pale Bulrush |
OBL |
0.30% |
Scirpus |
pendulus |
Rufous
Bulrush |
OBL |
0.27% |
Scirpus |
pungens |
Common Threesquare |
OBL |
|
Legumes (5) |
Wetness |
% of Mix |
Astragalus |
canadensis |
Canada Milkvetch |
FACU |
0.25% |
Dalea |
leporina |
Foxtail Dalea |
FACU |
|
Desmanthus |
illinoensis |
Illinois Bundleflower |
FACU |
1.82% |
Glycyrrhiza |
lepidota |
Wild Licorice |
FACU |
0.06% |
Lotus |
purshianus |
Deervetch |
FAC |
0.11% |
Composites (28) |
Wetness |
% of Mix |
Achillea |
millefolium |
Yarrow |
FACU |
|
Aster |
ericoides |
Heath Aster |
FAC |
0.35% |
Aster |
novae-angliae |
New England Aster |
FACW |
0.09% |
Aster |
prealtus |
Blue Willowleaf
Aster |
FACW |
0.48% |
Aster |
simplex |
Tall White Aster |
FACW |
0.35% |
Bidens |
comosa |
Threelobe Beggarticks |
OBL |
|
Boehmeria |
cylindrica |
False Nettle |
OBL |
|
Boltonia |
asteroides |
False Aster |
FACW |
0.10% |
Coreopsis
|
tinctoria |
Plains Correopsis |
FAC |
2.63% |
Erigeron |
strigosus |
Daisy Fleabane |
FACW |
|
Eupatorium |
maculatum |
Spotted Joe Pye Weed |
OBL |
0.57% |
Eupatorium |
perfoliatum |
Boneset |
OBL |
0.45% |
Euthamia |
graminifolia |
Grassleaf
Goldenrod |
FACW |
0.01% |
Grindelia |
squarrosa |
Gumweed |
FACU |
|
Helenium |
autumnale |
Sneezeweed |
FACW |
|
Helianthus |
grosseserratus |
Sawtooth
Sunflower |
FACW |
0.70% |
Iva |
annua |
Small Marsh Elder |
FAC |
0.14% |
Lactuca |
canadensis |
Canada Lettuce |
FACU |
|
Lactuca |
ludoviciana |
Wild Lettuce |
FAC |
|
Liatris |
lancifolia |
Thickspike Gayfeather |
FACW |
0.07% |
Ratibida |
columnifera |
Upright Prairie Coneflower |
UPL |
|
Rudbeckia |
hirta |
Black-eyed Susan |
FACU |
0.14% |
Rudbeckia |
laciniata |
Cutleaf
Coneflower |
FAC |
0.11% |
Silphium |
integrifolium |
Entire-leaf Rosinweed |
FACU |
|
Silphium |
perfoliatum |
Cup Plant |
FAC |
|
Solidago |
canadensis |
Canada Goldenrod |
FACU |
|
Solidago |
gigantea |
Giant Goldenrod |
FACW |
0.03% |
Vernonia |
fasciculata |
Ironweed |
FAC |
0.52% |
Misc. Forbs (45) |
Wetness |
% of Mix |
Agalinis |
tenuifolia |
Slender False Foxglove |
FACW |
0.07% |
Alisma |
trivale |
American Water Plantain |
OBL |
0.06% |
Allium |
canadense |
Canada Garlic (Sets) |
FAC |
0.34% |
Allium |
canadense |
Canada Garlic (Seed) |
FAC |
0.07% |
Ammania |
coccinea |
Tooth Cup |
OBL |
0.29% |
Anemone |
canadensis |
Meadow Anemone |
FACW |
|
Asclepias |
incarnata |
Swamp Milkweed |
OBL |
0.04% |
Asclepias |
speciosa |
Showy Milkweed |
FAC |
|
Asclepias |
syriaca |
Common Milkweed |
FAC |
0.34% |
Epilobium |
coloratum |
Cinnamon Willow Herb |
OBL |
0.11% |
Impatiens |
capensis |
Spotted Touch-me-not |
FACW |
|
Lobelia |
cardinalis |
Cardinal Flower |
OBL |
|
Lobelia |
siphilitica |
Blue Cardinal Flower |
OBL |
|
Lobelia |
spicata |
Palespike
Lobelia |
FAC |
|
Lycopus |
americanus |
American Bugleweed |
OBL |
|
Lycopus |
asper |
Rough Bugleweed |
OBL |
|
Lysimachia |
ciliata |
Fringed Loosestrife |
FACW |
|
Lythrum |
alatum |
Winged Lythrum |
OBL |
0.15% |
Mentha |
arvensis |
Field Mint |
FACW |
|
Oenothera |
villosa |
Common Evening Primrose |
FAC |
0.06% |
Penstemon |
digitalis |
Smooth Penstemon |
FAC |
|
Penstemon |
gracilis |
Slender Penstemon |
FACU |
|
Penthorum |
sedoides |
Ditch Stonecrop |
OBL |
0.34% |
Physalis |
longifolia |
Common Ground-cherry |
UPL |
|
Plantago |
patagonica |
Wooly Plantain |
UPL |
|
Polygonum |
coccineum |
Swamp Smartweed |
FACW |
|
Polygonum |
hydropiperoides |
Mild Water Pepper |
OBL |
|
Polygonum |
lapathifolium |
Pale Smartweed |
OBL |
|
Polygonum |
pensylvanicum |
Pennsylvania smartweed |
FACW |
0.08% |
Potentilla |
norvegica |
Norwegian Cinquefoil |
FACU |
0.32% |
Prunella |
vulgaris |
Self-heal |
FACW |
|
Pycnanthemum |
virginianum |
Mountain Mint |
FAC |
|
Ranunculus |
macounii |
Macoun's
Buttercup |
OBL |
0.06% |
Sagittaria |
brevirostra |
Shortbeak
Arrowhead |
OBL |
0.07% |
Sagittaria |
calycina |
Hooded Arrowhead |
OBL |
|
Sagittaria |
latifolia |
Broadleaf Arrowhead |
OBL |
|
Scutellaria |
galericulata |
Marsh Skullcap |
OBL |
|
Sisyrinchium |
montanum |
Strict Blue-eyed Grass |
FAC |
|
Teucrium |
canadense |
American Germander |
FACW |
0.03% |
Thalictrum |
dasycarpum |
Purple Meadow Rue |
FACW |
0.12% |
Tradescantia |
bracteata |
Bracted
Spiderwort |
FAC |
|
Tradescantia |
occidentale |
Western Spiderwort |
SAND |
|
Verbena |
hastata |
Blue Vervain |
FACW |
0.18% |
Verbena |
stricta |
Hoary Vervain |
UPL |
|
Verbena |
urticifolia |
Elm-leaf Verbena |
UPL |
|
|
|
|
|
38.57% |