Mortality of Migratory Birds Continues at UNL Hazards

Recent bird strike. Carcass of a Brown Creeper at the UNL city campus.

A visit the UNL campus to view the measures that were put in place to address bird strikes indicates that bird mortality continues at place where some effort was made to reduce the extent of the hazards.

The first thing found was a dead Brown Creeper at the Cather-Pound-Neihardt walkway. Obviously the markers put on the glass at this site did nothing to help this bird. In looking closer at the south side of the walkway, there were several smears on the glass from bird droppings indicating other strikes. And it seems that one of the markers was also beginning to fall off. There were some feathers at a second place under the walkway. Additional carcasses were expected, but since there are many feral cats on campus, they probably got eaten, or thrown away.

The markers placed on the glass are not enough to adequately address the bird strikes at this building hazard. There are not enough, and they obviously do not sufficiently make the glass opaque to significantly reduce the extent of impacts. Whether they are making any difference is not known.

Glass of the CPN walkway with obvious smears from bird droppings that occur at a bird strike. Click on the image for a better view.

View of the CPN walkway on October 19, 2008.

The same situation applies at the Hamilton Hall walkways. No carcasses here either, and for the same reason. The extent of markers here is also pretty sparse, and do not appear to be sufficient enough to make a significant impact.

Obviously the Fish and Wildlife Service did not followup on this effort to evaluate whether it was a substantive effort that would seriously address the very significant bird strike issue on city campus. This reflects an ongoing "whatever" attitude by this agency on the bird strike problem.

View of the markers placed on the north walkway at Hamilton Hall.

The grade for the effort by UNL is a D since at least some effort was taken, but it was a measly effort and not enough to get a passing grade. There was not enough preparation made to find a solution that would be immediately effective and with lasting impact. The decals were put up later than expected. The most simplistic and cheap option was selected. There has also been no followup evaluation to see what the actual results are. Also the dead creeper is a significant negative on any grade. Facilities needs to try again, and this time try to at least get a passing grade...

The grade for the FWS is a C, since they made some effort to address the problem, but did not provide specific suggestions for measures that would be most effective (providing a copy of suggested guidelines is not enough), there was no followup on what was done, and they have not made any effort to continue to work with UNL to ensure the extent of bird strikes is significantly reduced at the earliest possible time.

The wild birds continue to die from bird strikes at the UNL City Campus.

UNL Makes Changes to Keep Its Birds Alive

By ALGIS J. LAUKAITIS / Lincoln Journal Star
Tuesday, Sep 02, 2008 - 01:08:30 am CDT

Song birds are dying by the hundreds on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln City Campus and elsewhere in the state.

The killer is not West Nile or any other avian disease. These birds are dying because they crash into big plate glass windows and fall helplessly to the ground.

Birds see the reflections of the trees and other landscaping in the windows and think they are flying into a park-like habitat, said Bob Harms, a biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service office in Grand Island.

And that’s when they get killed or seriously injured.

Most of the casualties are song birds that migrate through the area in spring and autumn. April and May and mid-September to early November are the highest mortality periods.

The deadliest places for birds appear to be glass-walled passageways between university buildings and large structures with window facades. More than 100 bird species have been recorded on City Campus. Here are some of the worst areas:

* Cather Residence Hall to Pound Residence Hall to Neihardt Residence Center.

* Oldfather Hall to Bessey Hall and Burnett Hall.

* Nebraska Hall to Walter Scott Engineering Center.

* Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery.

* Memorial Stadium, east side.

* Architecture Hall, new addition.

No accurate count on the bird-strike deaths is available because groundskeepers pick up the carcasses as part of their daily rounds. Also feral cats walk off with dead or injured birds.

However, local bird enthusiast and conservationist Jim Ducey has been tracking bird-strike deaths on City Campus for two years and more recently in Omaha. He’s also researched records dating back to 1985 kept by the University of Nebraska State Museum, which over the years has gathered up dead birds for its specimen collection.

Based on his scattered data, Ducey estimates the city is losing at least a couple of hundred migratory song birds annually on City Campus alone. He said bird-strike deaths also were happening on East Campus and in Lincoln’s downtown.

In downtown Omaha, Ducey counted 150 dead birds during the past four months. The Qwest Center and the Omaha World-Herald’s Freedom Center, with their big glass windows, have some of the highest bird-strike numbers.

"A wide variety of birds, in my opinion, are dying unnecessary deaths," Ducey said. "There are architectural methods that can be utilized to avoid the problem. Those have been mostly ignored. We don’t need any bird deaths from striking a building. It’s not necessary."

Thanks to Ducey’s efforts, the USFWS is working with UNL officials and others in Omaha to reduce the number of bird deaths. The federal agency is involved because migratory birds are protected under the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act.

"It’s happening elsewhere in the state, and it’s happening elsewhere in the country," Harms said, referring to bird-strike deaths.

In 2002, the USFWS estimated that between 97 million to 970 million birds were killed each year in window collisions.

As a result of on-going discussions, the university has installed special ultra-violet decals on some of its large plate glass windows to try to reduce the number of bird strikes. The decals supposedly cut down on reflection and make windows appear solid.

Ted Weidner, vice chancellor of facilities management and planning, said the manufacturer said the decals catch light in the ultra-violet range, which only birds can see. But he’s a little doubtful.

"We can see them to apply them," he added.

The large decals have been applied in two areas where a lot of dead birds have been found: the Oldfather Hall links to Bessey Hall and Burnett Hall, and the Cather-Pound-Neihardt passageways.

The university also is looking at other areas where bird strikes have occurred to see whether the UV decals will work.

Decals would be impractical on places such as the east side of Memorial Stadium and Sheldon Art Gallery.

"It would be like putting a sticker on the State Capitol," he added.

Lighting may have to be examined in those buildings. Turning off lights or shielding them are possibilities.

Weidner said he also would like a small student study to find the most effective way to convince birds not to fly through glass. The university may examine its landscaping practices to see whether something needs to be done in that area to keep birds away, he said.

Ducey praised the university for its bird-protection efforts, calling it a great beginning.

"I think UNL has really stepped up and changed the whole dynamics and taken responsibility for what is occurring on this campus," he said.

Ducey doesn’t want the university to do anything that would ruin the architecture of its buildings. Neither does Harms.

"The Sheldon building and Memorial Stadium are sacred places in Nebraska. Not everything would work. We don’t want to reduce the importance of the decor of these buildings," he said.

Said Weidner: "The university is attempting to be a good place for humans and birds."

University of Nebraska to Improve Campus Conditions for Wildbirds

CPN Passageway.

The University of Nebraska-Lincoln will be the first in Nebraska to address the deaths of birds from striking buildings, with an initiative to address known hazards on campus.

At a meeting held on Earth Day 2008, Ted Weidner, Assistant Vice Chancellor of Facilities Management & Planning, said the campus plans to “take care” of several locations where birds have died by colliding with buildings.

The priority sites - based on an evaluation of known instances of mortality - are the Cather-Pound-Neihardt passageway, Oldfather Hall links to Bessey Hall and Burnett Hall, Love Library, Manter Hall, and the Nebraska Hall link.

At the Architecture Hall link, another known problem site, the glass exterior walls are expected to be replaced in a few years, so an interim solution will be devised.

Weidner said a coordinated effort will be required to get facilities staff, building management personnel and others involved to implement protective measures. Students can possibly get involved through classroom learning projects, and through groups such as the Wildlife Club and campus ecology club. The expertise of campus staff is another asset that may be helpful in finding effective solutions.

A primary option being considered is placing an opaque film on the glass surfaces, to make them visible to birds so it can be avoided. Also being considered, at the east side of Memorial Stadium, is turning off interior lights to avoid confusing birds, which can result in collisions.

Another site of concern is the Sheldon Art Gallery, one of the “most recognized architectural facilities in Nebraska,” said Weidner. This building has extensive glass areas on the east and west side. Options to be considered include an evaluation on the use of interior lights during the night, and how to reduce the threat of the transparent and reflective characteristics of the glass.

We have “the most work to do” at this building, Weidner said.

Predawn at Sheldon Art Gallery, showing interior lights.

Reflectivity conditions at Sheldon Art Gallery.

These efforts will be carried out during the next 60 days, with a goal of completing efforts at the priority sites by the end of June.

Robert Harms, of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, also present at the meeting, stressed the agency’s focus on conservation of migratory birds.

In the case of UNL, the “incidental taking” – i.e., bird deaths due to striking a building – is addressed by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, enacted in 1917.

The FWS is “very concerned” with the ongoing deaths of birds at UNL, Harms said, and is pleased at efforts that will reduce the numbers of bird deaths at the Lincoln campus. “We want people to try options” to reduce mortality.

Efforts that will be undertaken will be evaluated for effectiveness and cost considerations.

Grackle carcass at Oldfather Hall.

East glass at Memorial Stadium.

There is also the need for a better understanding of bird mortality from building strikes at East Campus, but a lack of available details is currently limiting what can be done to buildings there.

Most of the bird deaths at UNL are known from city campus, and only a few records are known from C.Y. Thompson Library and the Law College building.

Weidner also indicated that the campus now includes bird-friendly design for buildings in its design guidelines for new construction.

When planning for the addition to the Nebraska Union was evaluated by campus students and staff, several comments were received that supported a bird-friendly design. Building architects have considered bird-friendly measures in determining the construction of the addition that will be constructed soon.

Celebration of the Dead Improving Chances for Birdlife

Artwork for a celebration honoring the dead is - for a few days - slightly reducing the chances for migratory birds to strike hazardous glass windows at the Sheldon Art Gallery.

Colorful decorations hung in the west windows of the gallery for the Day of the Dead Celebration, render the building glass less of a threat to birds present among landscaping on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln city campus.

The cut paper works - made by class students - were installed on October 22nd, and will be kept in place through November 5th, according to gallery staff.

"El Dia de los Muertos is a centuries-old spiritual tradition celebrating the continuity of life by honoring the dead on their return to earth for one day each year," according to information about the celebration.

Decorations on glass windows at Sheldon Art Gallery.

Numerous birds have been killed because of striking the transparent windows at Sheldon. Nearly 20 records are available from 1992-2002, for the 15-day time period during which the hangings will be in place. Bird species which have been struck dead include the American Robin, Common Grackle, Dark-eyed Junco, Field Sparrow, Fox Sparrow, Song Sparrow, Swamp Sparrow, White-throated Sparrow and Yellow-bellied Sapsucker.

Sheldon Gallery - with the building itself considered a work of art - was built in 1963. Birds are regularly heard striking windows, gallery staff said.

The number of known strikes is much less than the actual extent of bird deaths, with many other occurrences throughout the year at Sheldon. The overall tally is more than 130 known window strike deaths. More have occurred on the west side of the building than on the east side, based on those records where the particular place where a bird carcass was found.

Phoebe Death Marks 800th MBTA Species at UNL

James Ed. Ducey

With autumn migration continuing, wildbirds continue to die from striking buildings at the city campus of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

The death of a juvenile Eastern Phoebe marks the 800th known record for species "protected" by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. The carcass - found mid-day on Sunday, October 7th - was at the north passageway, east side between Oldfather Hall and Bessey Hall. The dead bird had not been present at first morning.

This is the first known record of the species on the campus.

A Northern Cardinal was found early Sunday morning, after it was killed by striking the glass of the south passageway at Oldfather Hall. This species is a resident on campus.

Sora Marks 101st Species for UNL Environs

By James Ed. Ducey

A dead Sora found 24 August on the 10th Street pedestrian bridge marks the 101st species for the campus environs of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

The carcass was on the northern part of the bridge over the train tracks, on the walkway. There is a ca. four foot fence on each side, constructed of piping and chain link fence.

The occurrence of the bird was first noted by a passing pedestrian, and then reported. The demise of the bird had taken place overnight, as it was not present the previous day.

In the industrial area where the Sora occurred, there was a temporary pool of water from very recent heavy rains (shown in the photo, taken from the bridge to the west). The water extended to the east, beneath the walkway, and a short distance westward.

It is possible the Sora was flying in to land at the water when it got between the fencing. It may have also been at the spot and just died a natural death. It is uncertain since there was no witness.

The bird specimen provided a unique opportunity to study up close the plumage and feather colorations of the waterbird with its rich and brown tones and textures.

UNL Campus Birdlist Reaches 100 Species

By James Ed. Ducey

A sighting of Purple Martins foraging for bugs above the home stadium of the former Bugeaters has increased the birdlist for the University of Nebraska-Lincoln city campus to 100 species.

The bug-eating martins were seen on July 29th, foraging and calling in the airspace of Memorial Stadium. The species does not nest on campus.

The most commonly noted species noted during regular surveys in 2007 have been the Mourning Dove, Blue Jay, European Starling, Northern Cardinal, Common Grackle, House Finch and House Sparrow. The Spotted Towhee and White-throated Sparrow are autumn to spring residents.

From 20-25 species can be seen on a typical June day around the campus.

Species which have been noted as breeding this season include the American Robin, Barn Swallow, Blue Jay, Common Grackle, European Starling, Gray Catbird, House Finch, House Sparrow, Mourning Dove, Northern Cardinal and Western Kingbird.

Only a small population of Chimney Swifts occur on the campus: near Architecture Hall and Love Hall, older buildings which have chimneys suitable for use.

Waterfowl are represented by the Canada Goose, a common species in the region that are seen flying over at roof-top level. The White-fronted Goose and Turkey Vultures also occur in the campus airspace.

Mallard fowl, mostly drakes, occur in the relict, cement-lined creek on the east side of campus. It is not apparent how their occurrence will change once a new creek channel is built in association with the Joint Antelope Valley Authority project. The channel features, as shown by the conditions of the newly constructed channel near Devaney Stadium, are much more barren than the setting that will continue for a short time longer near the north and east of the Abel-Sandoz dormitories.

There is a marked dearth of cavity-dwelling species on City Campus. Despite the numerous trees present among the urban campus landscape, only the Downy Woodpecker is commonly observed. The Northern Flicker is seen only occasionally. The Red-headed Woodpecker was last noted in 1909, recorded as a specimen. The Red-bellied Woodpecker has not been seen at all, though this and the latter species are regular residents elsewhere in Lincoln. Also notably not present are the Black-capped Chickadee and the White-breasted Nuthatch which has been noted only once in 2002.

Campus landscaping regularly removes older trees which would provide the arboreal cavities utilized as roosting or breeding places by these species.

More than one-half of the species noted for the campus are a result of research specimens collected as a result of a bird striking a window and its subsequent demise.

The Gray-cheeked Thrush was also noted in 1915, as a window strike specimen.

The following table indicates the number of times each species has been noted on campus. Most species records for 2007 are for observations made during regular bird surveys. This list is based on about 1400 observation records, about half previous to 2007 and known from research collection specimens at the University of Nebraska State Museum.

Species Name	1969	'71	'74	'76	'77	'82	'85	'87	'88	'89	'90	'91	'92	'93	'94	'95	'96	'97	'98	'99	2000	'01	'02	'03	'04	'06	'07
Greater White-fronted Goose	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
Canada Goose	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
Mallard	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	23
Double-crested Cormorant	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2
Great Blue Heron	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	5
Green Heron	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
Turkey Vulture	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2
Sharp-shinned Hawk	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Red-tailed Hawk	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
American Kestrel	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	14
Killdeer	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	6
American Woodcock	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Herring Gull	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
Rock Pigeon	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	22
Mourning Dove	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	1	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	4	3	- -	- -	- -	32
Black-billed Cuckoo	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Common Nighthawk	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
Whip-poor-will	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
Chimney Swift	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	19
Ruby-throated Hummingbird	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Belted Kingfisher	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Red-headed Woodpecker	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
Downy Woodpecker	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	16
Northern Flicker	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	2	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	5
Least Flycatcher	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	3
Western Kingbird	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	11
Blue-headed Vireo	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	1
Warbling Vireo	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	3
Red-eyed Vireo	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	1	2	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	2	- -	- -	- -	- -
Blue Jay	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	28
American Crow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	9
Purple Martin	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
Cliff Swallow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	4
Barn Swallow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	14
Tufted Titmouse	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Red-breasted Nuthatch	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
White-breasted Nuthatch	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -
Brown Creeper	- -	- -	1	- -	1	1	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	2	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	1	1	- -	- -	1
House Wren	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	2	1	- -	2	4	- -	1	- -	2	- -	1	2	2	- -	- -	9
Sedge Wren	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Marsh Wren	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Ruby-crowned Kinglet	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	2	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	1	1	1	1	1	- -	- -	1
Veery	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Gray-cheeked Thrush	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Swainson's Thrush	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	5	4	6	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	1	3	- -	- -	- -	5
Hermit Thrush	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	2	1	- -	- -	4
American Robin	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	6	4	20	2	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	- -	37
Gray Catbird	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	4	1	4	1	6	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	5	- -	- -	- -	- -	17
Brown Thrasher	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	1	4	5	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	4	5	- -	- -	- -	22
European Starling	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	33
Cedar Waxwing	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	15
Golden-winged Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Tennessee Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	5	3	- -	3	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	3	3	- -	- -	- -	3
Orange-crowned Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	2	4	- -	2	6	- -	3	- -	2	4	9	15	3	- -	- -	5
Nashville Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	1	1	- -	1	5	- -	- -	- -	2	3	6	6	1	- -	- -	- -
Yellow Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	1	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	- -	- -	- -	8
Chestnut-sided Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Magnolia Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Cape May Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Black-throated Blue Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Yellow-rumped Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	5
Black-throated Green Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -
Bay-breasted Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Blackpoll Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Black-and-white Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	1	4	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	1	- -	- -	- -	- -
American Redstart	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Ovenbird	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	2	2	2	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	4	- -	- -	- -	- -	2
Northern Waterthrush	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
Mourning Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	4	2	- -	- -	- -	- -
MacGillivray's Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Common Yellowthroat	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	1	- -	1	8	- -	- -	- -	1	2	3	1	- -	- -	1	3
Wilson's Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	3	2	- -	- -	- -	- -
Canada Warbler	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Yellow-breasted Chat	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Spotted Towhee	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	29
Chipping Sparrow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	20
Clay-colored Sparrow	- -	3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	3	1	2	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	5	5	5	2	- -	3
Field Sparrow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	9
Grasshopper Sparrow	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	1	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Le Conte's Sparrow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Fox Sparrow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Song Sparrow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	4	1	2	1	- -	- -	- -	1	4	1	4	- -	- -	- -	2
Lincoln's Sparrow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	5	6	6	7	9	- -	- -	- -	2	2	10	11	3	- -	- -	2
Swamp Sparrow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	1	2	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	3	- -	1	- -	- -
White-throated Sparrow	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	7	2	5	8	6	- -	- -	- -	1	3	2	10	- -	- -	- -	27
Harris's Sparrow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	2	1	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
White-crowned Sparrow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2
Dark-eyed Junco	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	1	1	3	6	12	10	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	6	5	1	- -	- -	17
Northern Cardinal	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	1	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	1	37
Rose-breasted Grosbeak	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	7	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	2
Indigo Bunting	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -
Common Grackle	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	7	2	2	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	15	- -	- -	- -	- -	30
Brown-headed Cowbird	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	5
Orchard Oriole	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2
Baltimore Oriole	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	4
House Finch	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	33
Pine Siskin	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	5	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
American Goldfinch	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	20
House Sparrow	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	26

There may be additional species for the campus represented by specimens kept at the Life Sciences department, which will not provide any details despite multiple requests.